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Perovskite oxides have a wide variety of physical properties that make them promising candidates for versatile technological applications including nonvolatile memory and logic devices. Chemical tuning of those properties has been achieved, to the greatest extent, by cation-site substitution, while anion substitution is much less explored due to the difficulty in synthesizing high-quality, mixed-anion compounds. Here, nitrogen-incorporated BaTiO₃thin films have been synthesized by reactive pulsed-laser deposition in a nitrogen growth atmosphere. The enhanced hybridization between titanium and nitrogen induces a large ferroelectric polarization of 70 μC/cm²and high Curie temperature of ~1213 K, which are ~2.8 times larger and ~810 K higher than in bulk BaTiO₃, respectively. These results suggest great potential for anion-substituted perovskite oxides in producing emergent functionalities and device applications. 

High-temperature poling eliminates light-scattering domain walls in a relaxor ferroelectric. 

Abstract Rye ( Secale cereale L.) is an exceptionally climate-resilient cereal crop, used extensively to produce improved wheat varieties via introgressive hybridization and possessing the entire repertoire of genes necessary to enable hybrid breeding. Rye is allogamous and only recently domesticated, thus giving cultivated ryes access to a diverse and exploitable wild gene pool. To further enhance the agronomic potential of rye, we produced a chromosome-scale annotated assembly of the 7.9-gigabase rye genome and extensively validated its quality by using a suite of molecular genetic resources. We demonstrate applications of this resource with a broad range of investigations. We present findings on cultivated rye’s incomplete genetic isolation from wild relatives, mechanisms of genome structural evolution, pathogen resistance, low-temperature tolerance, fertility control systems for hybrid breeding and the yield benefits of rye–wheat introgressions.